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InfectiousICD-10: B86Affects approximately 200 million people worldwide at any time

Scabies

Also known as: Sarcoptes scabiei infestation, The itch

Scabies is a highly contagious skin infestation caused by the microscopic mite Sarcoptes scabiei, which burrows into the upper layer of skin to lay eggs. The condition causes intense itching and a pimple-like rash, often worsening at night. Scabies spreads through prolonged skin-to-skin contact and can affect people of all ages and backgrounds.

Symptoms

Intense itching, especially at night
Thin, irregular burrow tracks on the skin
Small red bumps or blisters
Rash commonly between fingers, on wrists, elbows, and waistline
Sores from scratching that may become infected
Crusted or scaly patches in severe cases

Causes

  • Infestation by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite
  • Prolonged skin-to-skin contact with an infested person
  • Sharing clothing, bedding, or towels with an infested person

Risk Factors

  • Living in crowded conditions
  • Close physical contact with an infested individual
  • Weakened immune system
  • Living in institutional settings such as nursing homes
  • Young children and elderly populations

Diagnosis

  • Visual examination of skin for burrows and rash
  • Skin scraping examined under a microscope for mites, eggs, or fecal matter
  • Dermoscopy to identify mite structures
  • Ink test to highlight burrow tracks

Treatment

  • Topical permethrin cream applied to the entire body
  • Oral ivermectin for resistant or crusted scabies
  • Antihistamines to relieve itching
  • Treatment of all household members and close contacts simultaneously
  • Washing all clothing and bedding in hot water

Prevention

  • Avoiding prolonged skin contact with infested individuals
  • Washing bedding and clothing in hot water and drying on high heat
  • Treating all close contacts even if asymptomatic

When to See a Doctor

  • Intense itching that disrupts sleep
  • Rash that does not improve with over-the-counter treatments
  • Signs of secondary skin infection such as pus or increasing redness

Frequently Asked Questions

Related Conditions

Eczema

Dermatological

Impetigo

Infectious

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Medical Disclaimer: This content is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider.

Content reviewed against peer-reviewed medical literature and clinical guidelines. Read our editorial standards.