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MusculoskeletalICD-10: M94.0Accounts for 10-30% of emergency department visits for chest pain

Costochondritis

Also known as: Chest Wall Pain, Costosternal Syndrome

Costochondritis is an inflammation of the cartilage that connects a rib to the breastbone (sternum), causing sharp chest pain that can mimic a heart attack. It is a common and typically harmless condition that often resolves on its own within a few weeks. While the exact cause is often unknown, it may be related to physical strain, respiratory infections, or repetitive chest movements.

Symptoms

Sharp, aching, or pressure-like pain on the left side of the breastbone
Pain affecting more than one rib
Pain that worsens with deep breathing, coughing, or physical activity
Tenderness when pressing on the rib joints
Pain that may radiate to the back or abdomen

Causes

  • Physical strain from heavy lifting, intense exercise, or severe coughing
  • Respiratory infections or persistent cough
  • Injury or trauma to the chest
  • Arthritis affecting the costal cartilage
  • Often idiopathic (no identifiable cause)

Risk Factors

  • Heavy physical labor or strenuous exercise
  • Recent respiratory infection with severe coughing
  • Female sex (more commonly diagnosed in women)
  • Age over 40

Diagnosis

  • Physical examination with reproduction of pain by pressing on rib joints
  • ECG to rule out cardiac causes of chest pain
  • Chest X-ray to exclude pneumonia, fractures, or tumors
  • Blood tests to rule out inflammatory conditions

Treatment

  • NSAIDs (ibuprofen, naproxen) for pain and inflammation
  • Application of heat or ice to the affected area
  • Rest and avoidance of activities that worsen pain
  • Stretching exercises for the chest muscles
  • Corticosteroid injections for persistent cases

Prevention

  • Use proper technique when lifting heavy objects
  • Stretch before and after vigorous exercise
  • Treat persistent coughs promptly
  • Maintain good posture

When to See a Doctor

  • You experience chest pain and cannot rule out a cardiac cause—seek emergency care
  • Chest pain is accompanied by shortness of breath, arm pain, or sweating
  • Pain persists for more than a few weeks despite self-care
  • You develop fever along with chest pain

Frequently Asked Questions

Related Conditions

Angina Pectoris

Cardiovascular

Back Pain

Musculoskeletal

Anxiety Disorders

Mental Health

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Medical Disclaimer: This content is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider.

Content reviewed against peer-reviewed medical literature and clinical guidelines. Read our editorial standards.