InfectiousICD-10: J03One of the most common childhood illnesses, affecting millions of children annually

Tonsillitis

Also known as: Tonsillar infection, Swollen tonsils, Inflamed tonsils, Sore throat (tonsils)

Tonsillitis is an inflammation of the tonsils, the two oval-shaped pads of tissue at the back of the throat, most commonly caused by viral or bacterial infections. It frequently affects children and adolescents and causes sore throat, difficulty swallowing, and swollen tonsils. Most cases resolve with rest and supportive care, though bacterial tonsillitis requires antibiotics.

At a Glance

Common symptoms
Severe sore throat, Red and swollen tonsils, White or yellow coating or patches on the tonsils
Main treatments
Rest and adequate fluid intake, Antibiotics for bacterial tonsillitis, Over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen
Category
Infectious · One of the most common childhood illnesses, affecting millions of children annually
See a doctor if
Sore throat with fever lasting more than 48 hours

Symptoms

Severe sore throat
Red and swollen tonsils
White or yellow coating or patches on the tonsils
Difficulty swallowing
Fever
Enlarged lymph nodes in the neck
Bad breath
Stiff neck
Stomachache, especially in younger children
Scratchy or muffled voice

Causes

  • Viral infections including adenovirus, influenza, and Epstein-Barr virus
  • Bacterial infection with group A Streptococcus
  • Frequent exposure to germs in school or daycare settings

Risk Factors

  • Young age, most common between ages 5 and 15
  • Frequent exposure to other children in school or daycare
  • Repeated infections

Diagnosis

  • Physical examination of the throat and tonsils
  • Rapid strep test or throat culture
  • Complete blood count if mononucleosis is suspected

Treatment

  • Rest and adequate fluid intake
  • Antibiotics for bacterial tonsillitis
  • Over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen
  • Warm salt water gargles
  • Tonsillectomy for recurrent or chronic tonsillitis

Prevention

  • Frequent handwashing
  • Avoiding close contact with individuals who have respiratory infections
  • Not sharing food, drinks, or utensils
  • Replacing toothbrush after an infection

When to See a Doctor

  • Sore throat with fever lasting more than 48 hours
  • Difficulty swallowing or breathing
  • Excessive drooling in a young child suggesting inability to swallow
  • Recurrent episodes of tonsillitis

Frequently Asked Questions

Related Conditions

Strep Throat

Infectious

Scarlet Fever

Infectious

Mononucleosis

Infectious

Pharyngitis

Infectious

Laryngitis

Respiratory

Common Cold

Infectious

Related from the Supplement Library

Vitamin C

Strong

Vitamin · Immune support and white blood cell function

Zinc

Strong

Mineral · Immune system support and T-cell function

Echinacea

Moderate

Herb · Supports immune function

Propolis

Moderate

Compound · Antimicrobial and antifungal properties

Elderberry

Moderate

Herb · Supports immune response

These supplements have been studied in relation to Tonsillitis. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting any supplement, especially if you take medications.

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Medical Disclaimer: This content is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider.

Content reviewed against peer-reviewed medical literature and clinical guidelines. Read our editorial standards.