Is bed rest good for back pain?

No, prolonged bed rest is harmful for most back pain. Current guidelines recommend staying active and gradually increasing activity. Gentle movement promotes faster recovery.

Do I need an MRI for back pain?

Most cases do not require imaging. MRI is recommended for red flag symptoms or when pain persists beyond 6 weeks despite conservative treatment. Imaging findings in asymptomatic people are very common.

Can back pain be caused by stress?

Yes, stress, anxiety, and depression can cause and worsen low back pain. Stress leads to muscle tension, altered pain perception, and avoidance behaviors. Addressing mental health is important in comprehensive treatment.

MusculoskeletalICD-10: M54.5Affects up to 80% of adults at some point; leading cause of disability worldwide

Low Back Pain

Also known as: Lumbago, Lumbar Pain, Backache

Low back pain is one of the most common reasons for medical visits and the leading cause of disability worldwide. Most low back pain is mechanical in nature and improves with conservative treatment, though certain warning signs require prompt evaluation. It can be acute (days to weeks) or chronic (more than 12 weeks).

Symptoms

Aching or stiffness along the lower spine

Sharp, localized pain in the lower back

Pain radiating down the buttock or leg (sciatica)

Difficulty standing up after sitting or bending

Limited range of motion in the lower back

Muscle spasms

Pain worsening with prolonged sitting, standing, or lifting

Causes

Muscle or ligament strain
Degenerative disc disease
Herniated or bulging disc
Spinal stenosis
Osteoarthritis of the spine
Spondylolisthesis

Risk Factors

Sedentary lifestyle
Obesity
Age 30–50
Heavy physical labor
Poor posture
Psychological factors (stress, anxiety, depression)

Diagnosis

Clinical history and physical examination
X-ray for persistent pain or suspected fracture
MRI if nerve compression or serious pathology is suspected
Blood tests (ESR, CRP) if infection or inflammatory condition is a concern
Red flag screening for cancer, infection, cauda equina syndrome

Treatment

Staying active and avoiding prolonged bed rest
Over-the-counter pain relievers (NSAIDs, acetaminophen)
Physical therapy with core-strengthening exercises
Heat or cold therapy
Muscle relaxants for short-term relief
Spinal surgery reserved for specific indications with failed conservative treatment

Prevention

Exercise regularly to strengthen core and back muscles
Maintain a healthy weight
Use proper lifting mechanics
Ensure ergonomic workstation setup
Take frequent breaks from prolonged sitting

When to See a Doctor

Back pain follows a fall or trauma
Pain is accompanied by numbness, weakness, or tingling in the legs
Loss of bowel or bladder control (emergency — possible cauda equina syndrome)
Pain persists beyond 4–6 weeks despite conservative treatment

Frequently Asked Questions

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