Is social anxiety the same as being shy?

While shyness and social anxiety share some features, social anxiety disorder is a clinical condition that causes significant distress and impairment. Shy people can still engage in social situations, while those with social anxiety may avoid them entirely.

Can social anxiety disorder be cured?

While there is no permanent cure, social anxiety disorder is highly treatable. Cognitive behavioral therapy is particularly effective, and many people see significant improvement and learn to manage their symptoms successfully.

At what age does social anxiety typically start?

Social anxiety disorder typically begins during the teenage years, often around age 13. However, it can develop at any age and may be triggered by a stressful or humiliating social experience.

Mental HealthICD-10: F40.10Affects approximately 7% of the US population, making it one of the most common anxiety disorders

Social Anxiety Disorder

Also known as: Social phobia

Social anxiety disorder is a chronic mental health condition characterized by an intense, persistent fear of being watched, judged, or humiliated in social or performance situations. It goes beyond normal shyness and can significantly interfere with daily activities, work, school, and relationships. Effective treatments include cognitive behavioral therapy and medication.

Symptoms

Intense fear of social situations where you may be judged

Avoidance of social interactions or performance situations

Excessive worry for days or weeks before a social event

Fear of embarrassment or humiliation

Physical symptoms such as blushing, sweating, or trembling

Rapid heartbeat in social situations

Nausea or upset stomach before or during social events

Difficulty making eye contact

Soft voice or difficulty speaking in groups

Causes

Imbalance in brain chemistry particularly involving serotonin
Overactive amygdala heightening fear response
Genetic predisposition to anxiety disorders
Negative social experiences or bullying during childhood
Overprotective or critical parenting styles

Risk Factors

Family history of anxiety disorders
Temperamentally shy or behaviorally inhibited children
Negative social experiences such as bullying or rejection
New social or work demands
Having a condition that draws attention such as a stutter or disfigurement

Diagnosis

Psychiatric evaluation based on DSM-5 criteria
Self-report questionnaires such as the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale
Detailed assessment of symptom duration and functional impairment
Ruling out other conditions such as panic disorder or generalized anxiety

Treatment

Cognitive behavioral therapy with exposure techniques
SSRI or SNRI antidepressant medications
Beta-blockers for performance-related anxiety
Group therapy for social skills practice
Mindfulness and relaxation training

Prevention

Early intervention for children showing signs of extreme shyness or social avoidance
Building social skills gradually in supportive environments
Stress management techniques

When to See a Doctor

Social fear that interferes with daily functioning
Avoiding situations required for work, school, or relationships
Physical symptoms during social situations that are distressing
Feelings of isolation or depression related to social avoidance

Frequently Asked Questions

Related Conditions

Panic Disorder

Mental Health

Depression

Mental Health

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