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MusculoskeletalICD-10: M65.3Occurs in about 2-3% of the general population; higher in diabetics

Trigger Finger

Also known as: Stenosing tenosynovitis, Trigger thumb

Trigger finger is a condition in which a finger or thumb gets stuck in a bent position and then snaps straight like a trigger being pulled. It occurs when the tendon sheath that surrounds the flexor tendon becomes inflamed and narrows, interfering with smooth tendon gliding. Treatment ranges from rest and splinting to corticosteroid injections or surgery.

Symptoms

Finger stiffness, especially in the morning
Clicking or popping sensation when moving the finger
Tenderness or a bump at the base of the affected finger
Finger catching or locking in a bent position
Finger suddenly popping straight
Inability to straighten the finger in severe cases

Causes

  • Inflammation and narrowing of the tendon sheath
  • Repeated gripping or grasping motions
  • Associated with conditions like diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis

Risk Factors

  • Repetitive hand use and forceful gripping
  • Diabetes mellitus
  • Rheumatoid arthritis
  • Female sex
  • Age between 40 and 60 years

Diagnosis

  • Physical examination demonstrating triggering and nodule
  • Assessment of finger mobility and locking
  • No imaging typically required

Treatment

  • Rest and activity modification
  • Splinting the finger in an extended position, especially at night
  • Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications
  • Corticosteroid injection into the tendon sheath
  • Percutaneous release procedure
  • Open surgical release for refractory cases

Prevention

  • Taking breaks during repetitive gripping activities
  • Using padded grips on tools
  • Hand stretching exercises
  • Managing underlying conditions such as diabetes

When to See a Doctor

  • Finger catching or locking interfering with daily activities
  • Pain at the base of the finger with a palpable nodule
  • Inability to straighten the finger
  • Finger joint that is hot and inflamed, suggesting possible infection

Frequently Asked Questions

Related Conditions

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Musculoskeletal

Tendinitis

Musculoskeletal

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Autoimmune

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Medical Disclaimer: This content is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider.

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