Can a hernia heal on its own?

No, hernias do not heal on their own and typically get larger over time. Surgical repair is the only definitive treatment.

Is hernia surgery risky?

Hernia repair is one of the most commonly performed and generally safe surgeries. The main risk of not repairing a hernia is strangulation, which is a medical emergency.

Can I exercise with a hernia?

Light exercise is generally safe, but avoid heavy lifting and straining. Talk to your doctor about appropriate activities.

DigestiveICD-10: K40About 5 million Americans develop hernias each year

Hernia

Also known as: Inguinal Hernia, Hiatal Hernia, Umbilical Hernia

A hernia occurs when an organ or tissue pushes through a weak spot in the surrounding muscle or connective tissue. Common types include inguinal (groin), hiatal (upper stomach), umbilical (belly button), and incisional hernias. Surgical repair is often needed to prevent serious complications like strangulation.

Symptoms

Visible bulge in the groin, abdomen, or belly button area

Pain or discomfort when bending, coughing, or lifting

Aching or burning sensation at the hernia site

Feeling of heaviness in the groin

Heartburn or difficulty swallowing (hiatal hernia)

Nausea, vomiting, and inability to pass gas (signs of incarceration)

Causes

Weakness in the abdominal wall (congenital or acquired)
Increased abdominal pressure from lifting, coughing, or straining
Previous surgical incision weakening the wall
Connective tissue disorders

Risk Factors

Male sex (inguinal hernias much more common in men)
Older age
Chronic cough or constipation
Pregnancy
Obesity
Previous hernia or hernia repair

Diagnosis

Physical examination
Ultrasound of the abdominal wall
CT scan to assess size, contents, and complications
Upper endoscopy or barium swallow for hiatal hernias

Treatment

Watchful waiting for small, asymptomatic hernias
Open surgical repair with mesh reinforcement
Laparoscopic or robotic hernia repair
Emergency surgery for incarcerated or strangulated hernias
Lifestyle modifications and weight management

Prevention

Maintain a healthy weight
Use proper lifting techniques
Treat chronic cough and constipation
Strengthen abdominal muscles with appropriate exercise

When to See a Doctor

A hernia becomes painful, grows larger, or cannot be pushed back in
You experience nausea, vomiting, or inability to pass gas with a known hernia
The skin over the hernia becomes red or discolored
You notice a new bulge in the groin or abdomen

Frequently Asked Questions

Related Conditions

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)

Digestive

Hemorrhoids

Digestive

Gallstones

Digestive

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