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CardiovascularICD-10: R00.2Experienced by approximately 16% of the general population

Heart Palpitations

Also known as: Palpitations, Racing Heart, Fluttering Heart, Skipped Heartbeat

Heart palpitations are sensations of a pounding, fluttering, racing, or skipping heartbeat that can be felt in the chest, throat, or neck, often noticed when the heart beats more forcefully or irregularly than usual. While palpitations are often harmless and caused by stress, caffeine, or exercise, they can sometimes indicate an underlying heart rhythm disorder (arrhythmia) that requires medical evaluation. Understanding the triggers and patterns of palpitations helps determine whether they are benign or warrant further investigation.

Symptoms

Feeling the heart pounding, racing, or beating too fast
Sensation of the heart skipping beats or fluttering
Awareness of heartbeat in the chest, throat, or neck
Dizziness or lightheadedness during episodes
Shortness of breath accompanying the palpitations
Chest discomfort or tightness
Episodes triggered by stress, exercise, or caffeine

Causes

  • Stress, anxiety, and panic attacks
  • Caffeine, nicotine, alcohol, or stimulant use
  • Hormonal changes during pregnancy, menstruation, or menopause
  • Heart rhythm disorders (arrhythmias) such as atrial fibrillation or SVT
  • Thyroid disorders (hyperthyroidism)
  • Certain medications including decongestants and asthma inhalers

Risk Factors

  • High stress or anxiety levels
  • Excessive caffeine or alcohol consumption
  • History of heart disease or prior cardiac surgery
  • Thyroid disorders
  • Anemia or electrolyte imbalances
  • Use of stimulants or certain medications

Diagnosis

  • Electrocardiogram (ECG/EKG) to record heart rhythm
  • Holter monitor or event recorder for 24-48 hour continuous monitoring
  • Echocardiogram to evaluate heart structure and function
  • Blood tests for thyroid function, electrolytes, and anemia
  • Stress test to assess heart rhythm during exercise

Treatment

  • Lifestyle modifications: reducing caffeine, alcohol, and stress
  • Relaxation techniques including deep breathing and meditation for stress-related palpitations
  • Beta-blockers or calcium channel blockers for persistent arrhythmias
  • Catheter ablation to correct specific heart rhythm disorders
  • Treatment of underlying conditions such as thyroid disease or anemia
  • Anti-arrhythmic medications for diagnosed rhythm disorders

Prevention

  • Limit caffeine, alcohol, and nicotine intake
  • Manage stress through regular exercise, meditation, and adequate sleep
  • Stay well-hydrated and maintain electrolyte balance
  • Avoid stimulant medications and supplements when possible
  • Track palpitation episodes and triggers in a symptom diary

When to See a Doctor

  • Palpitations are frequent, worsening, or lasting longer than a few seconds
  • You experience fainting, severe dizziness, or chest pain with palpitations
  • You have a history of heart disease and develop new palpitations
  • Palpitations are accompanied by shortness of breath or confusion

Frequently Asked Questions

Related Conditions

High Blood Pressure

Cardiovascular

Anxiety Disorders

Mental Health

Hypothyroidism

Endocrine

Anemia

Metabolic

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Medical Disclaimer: This content is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider.

Content reviewed against peer-reviewed medical literature and clinical guidelines. Read our editorial standards.