How long does Long COVID last?

Duration varies widely. Some recover within months, others experience symptoms for a year or more. Research is ongoing to understand the natural course and identify effective treatments.

Can you get Long COVID from a mild infection?

Yes, Long COVID can develop even after mild or asymptomatic COVID-19. While severe illness increases risk, a significant number of cases follow mild acute symptoms.

Does vaccination help prevent Long COVID?

Studies suggest vaccination reduces Long COVID risk by approximately 50%. Some evidence indicates vaccination after developing Long COVID may improve symptoms in some patients.

InfectiousICD-10: U09.9An estimated 65 million people worldwide have experienced Long COVID

Long COVID

Also known as: Post-COVID Conditions, Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2, PASC

Long COVID refers to new, returning, or ongoing health problems persisting four or more weeks after SARS-CoV-2 infection. It can affect anyone, including those with mild initial illness. Symptoms are wide-ranging, affect multiple organ systems, and can significantly impact daily functioning.

Symptoms

Persistent fatigue not improved by rest

Post-exertional malaise (symptom worsening after effort)

Brain fog, difficulty concentrating, memory problems

Shortness of breath

Persistent cough

Heart palpitations and chest pain

Joint and muscle pain

Sleep disturbances

Loss or change in smell and taste

Dizziness upon standing (orthostatic intolerance)

Causes

Persistent viral reservoirs in body tissues
Autoimmune responses triggered by SARS-CoV-2
Chronic inflammation and immune dysregulation
Microclots and endothelial damage
Reactivation of latent viruses (e.g., Epstein-Barr)
Gut microbiome disruption

Risk Factors

Severe initial COVID-19 illness
Female sex
Pre-existing chronic conditions
Not being vaccinated against COVID-19
Reinfection with SARS-CoV-2

Diagnosis

Clinical diagnosis based on persistent symptoms ≥4 weeks after COVID-19
Exclusion of other conditions
Blood tests to rule out thyroid disease, anemia, and other causes
Pulmonary function tests if respiratory symptoms are prominent
Cardiac evaluation for cardiovascular symptoms

Treatment

Symptom-based management tailored to each patient
Pacing and energy management for fatigue
Graded rehabilitation programs
Medications for specific symptoms (beta-blockers for POTS, low-dose naltrexone)
Cognitive behavioral therapy and mental health support
Multidisciplinary Long COVID clinic referral

Prevention

COVID-19 vaccination reduces Long COVID risk
Early antiviral treatment during acute infection may reduce risk
Continue practicing good respiratory hygiene

When to See a Doctor

COVID-19 symptoms persist or worsen beyond 4 weeks
New symptoms develop weeks or months after infection
Fatigue, brain fog, or breathlessness prevents functioning
You experience chest pain, palpitations, or fainting

Frequently Asked Questions

Related Conditions

Influenza

Infectious

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Neurological

Fibromyalgia

Musculoskeletal

Insomnia

Mental Health

Have questions about Long COVID?

Ask Mother Nature AI for personalized, evidence-based guidance.

Ask about Long COVID

Medical Disclaimer: This content is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider.

Content reviewed against peer-reviewed medical literature and clinical guidelines. Read our editorial standards.