RespiratoryICD-10: J33Affect about 4% of the population; more common with asthma and chronic sinusitis

Nasal Polyps

Also known as: Sinonasal polyps, Nose polyps

Nasal polyps are soft, painless, noncancerous growths that develop on the lining of the nasal passages or sinuses, usually as a result of chronic inflammation. Small polyps may cause no symptoms, but larger ones or clusters can block the nose, reduce the sense of smell, and lead to recurrent sinus infections and congestion. They are strongly associated with chronic sinusitis, asthma, and aspirin sensitivity, and are treated with medications and sometimes surgery.

Symptoms

Persistent nasal congestion and stuffiness
Runny nose and postnasal drip
Reduced or lost sense of smell and taste
Facial pressure or headache
Snoring
Recurrent sinus infections
A feeling that the nose is constantly blocked

Causes

  • Chronic inflammation of the nasal and sinus lining
  • Chronic sinusitis (especially with allergies)
  • Asthma
  • Aspirin or NSAID sensitivity (aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease)
  • Cystic fibrosis and certain immune conditions

Risk Factors

  • Chronic sinusitis or allergic rhinitis
  • Asthma
  • Aspirin sensitivity
  • Cystic fibrosis
  • Family history

Diagnosis

  • Nasal endoscopy to visualize the polyps
  • CT scan of the sinuses to assess size and extent
  • Allergy testing
  • Testing for cystic fibrosis in children with polyps

Treatment

  • Intranasal corticosteroid sprays to shrink polyps and reduce inflammation
  • Oral corticosteroids for short-term reduction of large polyps
  • Saline nasal rinses
  • Biologic medications (e.g., dupilumab) for severe or recurrent cases
  • Endoscopic sinus surgery to remove obstructive polyps
  • Treating underlying allergies and asthma

Prevention

  • Manage allergies and asthma effectively
  • Use saline rinses to keep nasal passages clear
  • Avoid nasal irritants and known triggers
  • Use prescribed steroid sprays consistently to prevent regrowth
  • Practice good hand hygiene to reduce infections

When to See a Doctor

  • Nasal congestion or stuffiness lasting more than 10–12 weeks
  • Persistent loss of smell
  • Frequent or worsening sinus infections
  • Sudden severe symptoms, double vision, or swelling around the eyes (urgent)

Frequently Asked Questions

Related Conditions

Sinusitis

Respiratory

Allergic Rhinitis

Respiratory

Asthma

Respiratory

Cystic Fibrosis

Genetic

Related from the Supplement Library

Quercetin

Moderate

Compound · Anti-inflammatory (NF-κB, COX-2 inhibition)

Vitamin D

Strong

Vitamin · Bone health and calcium absorption

Omega-3 (EPA/DHA)

Strong

Fatty Acid · Cardiovascular health (TG reduction, anti-arrhythmic)

Probiotics (Lactobacillus)

Strong

Probiotic · Gut microbiome balance and diversity

These supplements have been studied in relation to Nasal Polyps. Always consult your healthcare provider before starting any supplement, especially if you take medications.

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