Is eczema contagious?

No, eczema (atopic dermatitis) is not contagious. You cannot catch it from or spread it to another person through physical contact. It is related to genetic and immune system factors that affect the skin barrier.

Will my child outgrow eczema?

Many children do see significant improvement or resolution of eczema by adolescence. However, about one-third of children with atopic dermatitis continue to experience symptoms into adulthood. Early treatment and proper skin care can minimize severity.

What is the best moisturizer for eczema?

Thick, fragrance-free creams and ointments (such as petroleum jelly, CeraVe, or Vanicream) are most effective for eczema because they form a protective barrier that locks in moisture. Apply within 3 minutes after bathing to seal in hydration.

DermatologicalICD-10: L30.9Atopic dermatitis affects up to 20% of children and 3% of adults

Dermatitis

Also known as: Eczema, Atopic Dermatitis, Contact Dermatitis, Skin Inflammation

Dermatitis is a general term for skin inflammation that causes itchy, red, swollen, and sometimes blistered skin. The most common types are atopic dermatitis (eczema), contact dermatitis, and seborrheic dermatitis. While not contagious, dermatitis can be uncomfortable, affect quality of life, and increase the risk of skin infections from scratching. Treatment focuses on moisturizing, reducing inflammation, and avoiding triggers.

Symptoms

Itchy skin (often intense)

Red or inflamed patches of skin

Dry, cracked, or scaly skin

Blisters that may ooze and crust over

Swelling of the affected area

Thickened, leathery skin from chronic scratching (lichenification)

Darkened or lightened skin in affected areas

Causes

Genetic predisposition (especially atopic dermatitis)
Immune system dysfunction and skin barrier deficiency
Direct contact with irritants (soaps, chemicals, fragrances)
Allergic reactions to specific substances (nickel, latex, poison ivy)
Overgrowth of Malassezia yeast (seborrheic dermatitis)

Risk Factors

Family history of eczema, asthma, or hay fever (atopic triad)
Occupational exposure to irritants or allergens
Dry climate or low humidity environments
Stress (can trigger or worsen flares)
Age (atopic dermatitis typically begins in childhood)

Diagnosis

Physical examination of skin appearance and distribution
Patient history of symptoms, triggers, and family history
Patch testing for contact allergens
Skin biopsy if diagnosis is uncertain
Blood tests (IgE levels) for atopic dermatitis

Treatment

Regular use of moisturizers and emollients
Topical corticosteroids for inflammation (hydrocortisone, triamcinolone)
Topical calcineurin inhibitors (tacrolimus, pimecrolimus)
Antihistamines for itch relief
Biologic therapy (dupilumab) for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis
Avoidance of identified triggers and irritants

Prevention

Moisturize skin daily, especially after bathing
Use gentle, fragrance-free soaps and detergents
Wear soft, breathable fabrics (cotton)
Identify and avoid personal triggers
Keep fingernails short to reduce skin damage from scratching

When to See a Doctor

Itching is severe enough to disrupt sleep or daily activities
Skin becomes painful, oozing, or shows signs of infection
Over-the-counter treatments are not providing relief
Dermatitis is widespread or affecting your quality of life

Frequently Asked Questions

Related Conditions

Acne Vulgaris

Dermatological

Allergic Rhinitis

Respiratory

Asthma

Respiratory

Celiac Disease

Autoimmune

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Medical Disclaimer: This content is for educational and informational purposes only. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider.

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