How long does sciatica typically last?

Most cases of sciatica improve within four to six weeks with conservative treatment. However, chronic sciatica may persist longer and require additional interventions such as injections or surgery.

Can sciatica affect both legs?

Sciatica usually affects only one leg at a time. Bilateral sciatica is less common and may indicate a more serious condition such as cauda equina syndrome, which requires emergency medical attention.

Is bed rest recommended for sciatica?

Prolonged bed rest is generally not recommended as it can worsen symptoms. Gentle movement, walking, and targeted stretching are more effective for recovery.

NeurologicalICD-10: M54.3Affects up to 40% of people at some point in their lives

Sciatica

Also known as: Sciatic nerve pain, Lumbar radiculopathy

Sciatica refers to pain that radiates along the path of the sciatic nerve, which runs from the lower back through the hips, buttocks, and down each leg. It typically occurs when a herniated disc, bone spur, or spinal stenosis compresses part of the nerve. Most cases resolve with conservative treatment within a few weeks, though severe cases may require surgical intervention.

Symptoms

Sharp or burning pain radiating from the lower back down one leg

Numbness or tingling in the affected leg or foot

Muscle weakness in the leg or foot

Pain that worsens when sitting

Difficulty standing or walking

Constant pain on one side of the buttock

Shooting pain when standing up

Causes

Herniated or bulging lumbar disc
Spinal stenosis narrowing the spinal canal
Bone spurs on the vertebrae
Piriformis syndrome compressing the sciatic nerve
Spondylolisthesis or slipped vertebra

Risk Factors

Age-related changes in the spine
Obesity increasing stress on the spine
Prolonged sitting or sedentary lifestyle
Occupations requiring heavy lifting or twisting
Diabetes increasing nerve damage risk

Diagnosis

Physical examination including straight leg raise test
MRI to visualize disc and nerve compression
CT scan or CT myelogram
Electromyography to assess nerve function
X-rays to identify bone abnormalities

Treatment

Over-the-counter pain relievers and anti-inflammatory medications
Physical therapy with stretching and strengthening exercises
Epidural steroid injections for severe pain
Hot and cold therapy
Surgical intervention such as microdiscectomy for refractory cases
Muscle relaxants for associated spasms

Prevention

Maintaining proper posture while sitting and standing
Regular exercise focusing on core strength
Using proper lifting techniques
Avoiding prolonged sitting

When to See a Doctor

Severe pain that does not improve with self-care
Sudden numbness or weakness in the leg
Loss of bladder or bowel control
Pain following a violent injury or fall

Frequently Asked Questions

Related Conditions

Herniated Disc

Musculoskeletal

Spinal Stenosis

Musculoskeletal

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